Key points

  • Volunteers give their time and work for free to help others.
  • People who need help: the needy, the homeless, disabled people, the elderly, animals, the planet.
  • Can + base verb expresses ability; can’t / cannot + base verb expresses inability.
  • Be able to / be unable to have the same meaning as can / can’t.
  • The sound /uː/ is spelled oo (food), o (do), ew (new), ui / ou (fruit, soup).

Rules to remember

Can / can’t
Same form for all persons, no -s, no to: She can swim. They can’t come. Can you help? – Yes, I can.
Be able to
Used in all tenses: He is able to read Braille. I will be able to donate blood next year.
Past ability
could / couldn’t or was / were able to: I couldn’t come yesterday.

How to do it

  1. Find the subject.
  2. Decide: ability (can) or inability (can’t)?
  3. Put the base verb after can, without to.

Example

Karim is disabled, so he isn’t able to climb the stairs alone, but he can play chess very well.

Common mistakes

  • *He cans help* » He can help.
  • *I can to swim* » I can swim.
  • *I will can* » I will be able to.

Key words

Summary written by سكولار for quick revision: it does not replace the lesson and its exercises.